Complex Systems Winter School 2015-Faculty - Revision history

Juniperlovato at 05:12, 16 December 2015

2015-12-16T05:12:41Z

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	[[Image:tanmoyb1.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:tanmoyb1.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
	[http://santafe.edu/about/people/profile/Tanmoy%20Bhattacharya Tanmoy Bhattacharya], Theories and Treatment of Infectious Disease<br>		[http://santafe.edu/about/people/profile/Tanmoy%20Bhattacharya Tanmoy Bhattacharya], '''Theories and Treatment of Infectious Disease'''<br>
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	[[Image:elibby1.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:elibby1.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
	[http://santafe.edu/about/people/profile/Eric%20Libby Eric Libby] Microbial Ecology <br>		[http://santafe.edu/about/people/profile/Eric%20Libby Eric Libby] '''Microbial Ecology''' <br>
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	My lectures will be an overview of microbial ecology with the intent to generally educate and highlight open areas of research.		My lectures will be an overview of microbial ecology with the intent to generally educate and highlight open areas of research.
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	[[Image:olepeters3.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:olepeters3.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
	[http://tuvalu.santafe.edu/~ole/ Ole Peters], Ergodicity Economics <br>		[http://tuvalu.santafe.edu/~ole/ Ole Peters], '''Ergodicity Economics '''<br>
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	1 Basic concepts<br>		1 Basic concepts<br>

Juniperlovato at 05:10, 16 December 2015

2015-12-16T05:10:29Z

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	[[Image:arkadev.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:arkadev.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
	[http://www.tcs.tifr.res.in/people/arkadev-chattopadhyay Arkadev Chattopadhyay ], Computational Complexity<br>		[http://www.tcs.tifr.res.in/people/arkadev-chattopadhyay Arkadev Chattopadhyay ], '''Computational Complexity'''<br>
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	How much time or space is needed to solve a computational problem? But this should		How much time or space is needed to solve a computational problem? But this should

Juniperlovato at 05:10, 16 December 2015

2015-12-16T05:10:09Z

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	[[Image:simondedeo4.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:simondedeo4.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
	[http://santafe.edu/~simon Simon DeDeo], Cognitive Science and Social Minds <br>		[http://santafe.edu/~simon Simon DeDeo], '''Cognitive Science and Social Minds''' <br>
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	Lectures One and Two: Information Flows<br>		Lectures One and Two: Information Flows<br>

Juniperlovato at 05:09, 16 December 2015

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	[[Image:simondedeo4.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:simondedeo4.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
	[http://santafe.edu/~simon Simon DeDeo], Cognitive Science and Social Minds <br>		[http://santafe.edu/~simon Simon DeDeo], Cognitive Science and Social Minds <br>
			Lectures One and Two: Information Flows<br>

			When did the French Revolution become revolutionary? How did pre-20th Century London manage violence? How did Charles Darwin synthesize Victorian science to write the Origin of the Species? Information theory not only plays a central role in physics and engineering. It can also be used to quantify critical features of the human mind and the societies it creates. In these first two lectures, I’ll introduce the core mathematics of information theory, and build intuition about what they mean. Drawing on recent collaborative research with scientists and scholars in the humanities—I’ll present the three case studies described above. I’ll show how information theory in the big data era allows us to get a new picture of the development of human society and, often, a glimpse of the minds—elite and non-elite—of the past and the future. And I’ll show how fundamental mathematical laws of coarse-graining and lossy compression place new constraints on the nature of evolution.<br>

			Lectures Three and Four: Social Feedback<br>

			From the emergence of the first strands of RNA to the invention of multicellularity, the evolution of life is marked by major transitions. No less so the evolution of our social and cognitive worlds, as they develop from the animal societies we see in television documentaries to the world- and soloar-system-spanning civilizations of the 21st Century. From the first awareness and use of group-level social facts to the emergence of norms and their self-assembly into normative bundles, each transition represents a new relationship between the individual and the group. At the center of this relationship is the use of coarse-grained information gained via lossy compression. I’ll provide key examples of these different stages using high-resolution data on two model systems: the highly-social monk parakeets, and the global community of Wikipedia editors. I’ll present new mathematical tools that you can use to analyse the social world, and connect them to some of the core traditions in the study of complex systems.
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Juniperlovato at 04:38, 9 December 2015

2015-12-09T04:38:48Z

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	GBM is a natural null model for many economic processes: self-reproducing quantities, such as money, are multiplicative, and an analogue to the additive Gaussian central limit theorem leads to many multiplicative random models converging to GBM.		GBM is a natural null model for many economic processes: self-reproducing quantities, such as money, are multiplicative, and an analogue to the additive Gaussian central limit theorem leads to many multiplicative random models converging to GBM.
	The expectation value is an ensemble average. Because of the way ergodicity is broken in GBM, the ensemble average has one meaning and the time average has another. Observing a single realization for a long time reveals a time-average growth rate, whereas observing the average over a large ensemble reveals the growth rate of the expectation value. The precise meaning of the two growth rates will be discussed.		The expectation value is an ensemble average. Because of the way ergodicity is broken in GBM, the ensemble average has one meaning and the time average has another. Observing a single realization for a long time reveals a time-average growth rate, whereas observing the average over a large ensemble reveals the growth rate of the expectation value. The precise meaning of the two growth rates will be discussed.


	2 Individuals<br>		2 Individuals<br>
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	2.3 Insurance<br>		2.3 Insurance<br>
	The insurance problem is resolved. In classical economics insurance poses a puzzle: the insurer has to charge at least as much as the expected loss for an insurance contract, whereas the insurance buyer shouldn’t pay more than the expected loss. Hence there is no price at which both parties should sign. Classical economics resolves the problem by introducing psychological arguments of risk aversion, encoded in utility functions. Insurer and insurance buyer are treated separately. We resolve the problem by computing time average growth rates for both parties. A range of prices for the contract is identified that increases the time average growth rates of both parties – under the far-from equilibrium model of GBM a win-win situation exists for a range of mutually beneficial prices.		The insurance problem is resolved. In classical economics insurance poses a puzzle: the insurer has to charge at least as much as the expected loss for an insurance contract, whereas the insurance buyer shouldn’t pay more than the expected loss. Hence there is no price at which both parties should sign. Classical economics resolves the problem by introducing psychological arguments of risk aversion, encoded in utility functions. Insurer and insurance buyer are treated separately. We resolve the problem by computing time average growth rates for both parties. A range of prices for the contract is identified that increases the time average growth rates of both parties – under the far-from equilibrium model of GBM a win-win situation exists for a range of mutually beneficial prices.


	3 Populations<br>		3 Populations<br>
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	3.3 Taxation<br>		3.3 Taxation<br>
	A centrally organized form of cooperation as defined above (the periodic pooling and sharing of resources) is taxation. Simple stochastic models of a population that pools and redistributes a proportion of wealth or income reveal the following deep insight: a critical taxation rate exists. Below the critical level inequality increases indefinitely (wealth condensation). Above the critical taxation rate the wealth distribution stabilizes in the long-time limit. This is demonstrated by solving for the moments of SDEs similar to GBM.		A centrally organized form of cooperation as defined above (the periodic pooling and sharing of resources) is taxation. Simple stochastic models of a population that pools and redistributes a proportion of wealth or income reveal the following deep insight: a critical taxation rate exists. Below the critical level inequality increases indefinitely (wealth condensation). Above the critical taxation rate the wealth distribution stabilizes in the long-time limit. This is demonstrated by solving for the moments of SDEs similar to GBM.


	4 Markets<br>		4 Markets<br>

Juniperlovato at 04:38, 9 December 2015

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 [[Image:olepeters3.jpg|150px|{border}]]<br>
 [http://tuvalu.santafe.edu/~ole/ Ole Peters], Ergodicity Economics <br>
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Juniperlovato at 06:44, 6 December 2015

2015-12-06T06:44:11Z

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	[[Image:rsethi2.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:rsethi2.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
	[http://www.~~santafe~~.edu/~~about~~/~~people/profile/Rajiv%20Sethi~~ Rajiv Sethi], '''Agent-Based Computational Economics '''<br>		[http://www.columbia.edu/~rs328/ Rajiv Sethi], '''Agent-Based Computational Economics '''<br>
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	These lectures will provide an introduction to agent-based computational modeling, drawing on applications in economics and finance. The first lecture will focus on the manner in which decentralized, uncoordinated choices can give rise to emergent properties such as residential segregation. The second and third lectures will examine financial markets, with a focus on how asset price dynamics depend on the composition of trading strategies, and how the composition of strategies itself evolves under pressure of differential profitability.		These lectures will provide an introduction to agent-based computational modeling, drawing on applications in economics and finance. The first lecture will focus on the manner in which decentralized, uncoordinated choices can give rise to emergent properties such as residential segregation. The second and third lectures will examine financial markets, with a focus on how asset price dynamics depend on the composition of trading strategies, and how the composition of strategies itself evolves under pressure of differential profitability.

Juniperlovato at 08:39, 5 December 2015

2015-12-05T08:39:11Z

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	[[Image:elibby1.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:elibby1.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
	[http://santafe.edu/about/people/profile/Eric%20Libby Eric Libby] Microbial Ecology <br>		[http://santafe.edu/about/people/profile/Eric%20Libby Eric Libby] Microbial Ecology <br>
			<br>
			My lectures will be an overview of microbial ecology with the intent to generally educate and highlight open areas of research.
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Juniperlovato: /* Lecturers and Faculty */

2015-12-05T08:31:46Z

Lecturers and Faculty

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	This short course is a wide survey of the field of nonlinear dynamics.		This short course is a wide survey of the field of nonlinear dynamics.
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	[[Image:AnirbanChakraborti2.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>		[[Image:AnirbanChakraborti2.jpg\|150px\|{border}]]<br>
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	==Staff==		==Staff==

Juniperlovato at 08:31, 5 December 2015

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	108 (2012) 068102.<br>		108 (2012) 068102.<br>
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	~~==========================================================~~
	'''Physics of the Heart: Controlling nonlinear waves during cardiac arrhythmia''' <br>		'''Physics of the Heart: Controlling nonlinear waves during cardiac arrhythmia''' <br>