Santa Fe Institute Events Wiki - User contributions [en]

An Agent-based Model of the Spread of Social Norms

2006-06-17T21:00:34Z

Ijarudi:

Last modified: 6/16/06

Description:

In this project, I am hoping to illuminate how social norms emerge and spread in a population using an agent-based model(s) in Netlogo. Researchers in social psychology (Cialdini, 1990) have made a distinction between descriptive and injunctive norms. Descriptive norms are norms that people infer from patterns in other people's behavior, particularly in ambiguous and uncertain situations (this is related to the saying "When in Rome, do as the Romans do"). In my current thinking, you could implement this kind of norm by just having turtles use some simple update rule for setting their normative behavior (such as majority rule) that is dependent on what their immediate neighbors are doing.

Injunctive norms, on the other hand, are rules or beliefs that specify morally approved and disapproved conduct and are usually enforced by the threat of social sanctions ("When in Rome, you should do as the Romans do or else"). I think this idea can be realized in one or more agent-based models in two ways. First, there would be more than one turtle type:

Some turtles are just "followers" who imitate the predominant behavior of their neighbors (following the descriptive norm) or who do what they are told to do by top-down messages from authorities (following the injunctive norm; more on these "injunctive shocks" below). They might have weak preferences that make them somewhat reluctant to adapt their behavior to their surroundings and maybe push them to invest in moving to a more favorable patch environment.

Others are "zealots" or "rebels" who aren't easily swayed by the pressure of their neighbors and perhaps actively influence the behaviors of others either for or against the norm (spreading or undermining the injunctive norm on a local level). They might move around to spread the word about their beliefs to others or even enforce the norm at a cost to themselves and stubborn followers.

A second way to approach injunctive norms would be through applying periodic top-down "injunctive shocks" to the agent world, which would correspond to things like laws or messages from authority figures urging norm compliance. These shocks might convince a subset of followers to change their behaviors or even transform them into zealots. Others might change into zealots or rebels if they maintain their normative behavior in a favorable environment for a certain number of ticks.

Obviously, it's probably unrealistic to be able to implement all of these behaviors properly by the end of the month but I hope to develop one or two simple models that would yield interesting insights into the characteristics of agents, norms, and their relationships that allow for the rapid spread of a social norm through a population.

Group member:

Izzat Jarudi. Comments and suggestions are welcome. Email: izzat.jarudi (at) yale (dot) edu

Group Pages

2006-06-17T17:35:20Z

Ijarudi:

*[[Chamisa meta-group]]: Study of network generation

*[[WikiPeer Group]] Study of two reputation voting models

*[[Biological regulatory networks group]] Study of biological regulatory networks with stochastic boolean models

*[[RNAnet]] a RNA based toy model for regulatory networks

*[[Time-Delayed Embedding project]] aimed at learning the method and applying it to interesting datasets.

*[[Social Networks and Dynamic Analysis:]] using event-data to model conflict and cooperation networks.

*[[Power-laws, Conflict and Cooperation:]] using event-data to investigate whether conflict and cooperation events follow a power-law distribution.

*[[World Order and Stability:]] applying foodweb dynamics to model stability in a uni-polar versus a multi-polar world order.

*[[Negative Event Driven Ethnic Migration]] : An agent-based model of ethnic migration from negative events. Built with Schelling Dynamics in simultaneous spatial and social network structures.

*[[Diffusion of "Culture" in a Network with Multiple Types of Ties:]] An analysis of how rules governing the formation and breaking of ties propagates in a network with two different types of ties associated with different rules.

*[[Dynamics of Online Tagging]]

*[[An Optimization Algorithm Based on the Small-World Phenomenon]] :Inspired by the efficient search mechanisms of small-world phenomena, we will construct an optimization algorithm based on the combination of local and long-range search.

*[[Community Structure in Small-world and Scale-free Networks]]:Detecting the community structure in Watts and Strogatz’s small-world network and Barabàsi’s scale-free network.

*[[An Agent-based Model of the Spread of Social Norms]]

*[[Artificial Regulatory Networks and the Evolution of Neural Networks]]

An agent-based model of the spread of social norms

2006-06-17T00:14:00Z

Ijarudi:

Last modified: Friday, 6/16/06

Description:

In this project, I am hoping to illuminate how social norms emerge and spread in a population using an agent-based model(s) in Netlogo. Researchers in social psychology (Cialdini, 1990) have made a distinction between descriptive and injunctive norms. Descriptive norms are norms that people infer from patterns in other people's behavior, particularly in ambiguous and uncertain situations (this is related to the saying "When in Rome, do as the Romans do"). In my current thinking, you could implement this kind of norm by just having turtles use some simple update rule for setting their normative behavior (such as majority rule) that is dependent on what their immediate neighbors are doing.

Injunctive norms, on the other hand, are rules or beliefs that specify morally approved and disapproved conduct and are usually enforced by the threat of social sanctions ("When in Rome, you should do as the Romans do or else"). I think this idea can be realized in one or more agent-based models in two ways. First, there would be more than one turtle type:

Some turtles are just "followers" who imitate the predominant behavior of their neighbors (following the descriptive norm) or who do what they are told to do by top-down messages from authorities (following the injunctive norm; more on these "injunctive shocks" below). They might have weak preferences that make them somewhat reluctant to adapt their behavior to their surroundings and maybe push them to invest in moving to a more favorable patch environment.

Others are "zealots" or "rebels" who aren't easily swayed by the pressure of their neighbors and perhaps actively influence the behaviors of others either for or against the norm (spreading or undermining the injunctive norm on a local level). They might move around to spread the word about their beliefs to others or even enforce the norm at a cost to themselves and stubborn followers.

A second way to approach injunctive norms would be through applying periodic top-down "injunctive shocks" to the agent world, which would correspond to things like laws or messages from authority figures urging norm compliance. These shocks might convince a subset of followers to change their behaviors or even transform them into zealots. Others might change into zealots or rebels if they maintain their normative behavior in a favorable environment for a certain number of ticks.

Obviously, it's probably unrealistic to be able to implement all of these behaviors properly by the end of the month but I hope to develop one or two simple models that would yield interesting insights into the characteristics of agents, norms, and their relationships that allow for the rapid spread of a social norm through a population.

Group member:

Izzat Jarudi. Comments and suggestions are welcome. Email: izzat.jarudi (at) yale (dot) edu

An agent-based model of the spread of social norms

2006-06-17T00:10:42Z

Ijarudi:

Last modified: Friday, 6/16/06

Description:

In this project, I am hoping to illuminate how social norms emerge and spread in a population using an agent-based model(s) in Netlogo. Researchers in social psychology (Cialdini, 1990) have made a distinction between descriptive and injunctive norms. Descriptive norms are norms that people infer from patterns in other people's behavior, particularly in ambiguous and uncertain situations (this is related to the saying "When in Rome, do as the Romans do"). In my current thinking, you could implement this kind of norm by just having turtles use some simple update rule for setting their normative behavior (such as majority rule) that is dependent on what their immediate neighbors are doing.

Injunctive norms, on the other hand, are rules or beliefs that specify morally approved and disapproved conduct and are usually enforced by the threat of social sanctions ("When in Rome, you should do as the Romans do or else"). I think this idea can be realized in one or more agent-based models in two ways. First, there would be more than one turtle type:

Some turtles are just "followers" who imitate the predominant behavior of their neighbors (following the descriptive norm) or who do what they are told to do by top-down messages from authorities (following the injunctive norm; more on these "injunctive shocks" below). They might have weak preferences that make them somewhat reluctant to adapt their behavior to their surroundings and maybe push them to invest in moving to a more favorable patch environment.

Others are "zealots" or "rebels" who aren't easily swayed by the pressure of their neighbors and perhaps actively influence the behaviors of others either for or against the norm (spreading or undermining the injunctive norm on a local level). They might move around to spread the word about their beliefs to others or even enforce the norm at a cost to themselves and stubborn followers.

A second way to approach injunctive norms would be through applying periodic top-down "injunctive shocks" to the agent world, which would correspond to things like laws or messages from authority figures urging norm compliance. These shocks might convince a subset of followers to change their behaviors or even transform them into zealots. Others might change into zealots or rebels if they maintain their normative behavior in a favorable environment for a certain number of ticks.

Obviously, it may be unrealistic to be able to implement all of these behaviors properly by the end of the month but I hope to develop one or two simple models that would yield interesting insights into the characteristics of agents, norms, and their relationships that allow for the rapid spread of a social norm through a population.

Group member:

Izzat Jarudi. Comments and suggestions are welcome. Email: izzat.jarudi (at) yale (dot) edu

An agent-based model of the spread of social norms

2006-06-17T00:10:12Z

Ijarudi:

Last modified: 6/16/06

Description:

In this project, I am hoping to illuminate how social norms emerge and spread in a population using an agent-based model(s) in Netlogo. Researchers in social psychology (Cialdini, 1990) have made a distinction between descriptive and injunctive norms. Descriptive norms are norms that people infer from patterns in other people's behavior, particularly in ambiguous and uncertain situations (this is related to the saying "When in Rome, do as the Romans do"). In my current thinking, you could implement this kind of norm by just having turtles use some simple update rule for setting their normative behavior (such as majority rule) that is dependent on what their immediate neighbors are doing.

Injunctive norms, on the other hand, are rules or beliefs that specify morally approved and disapproved conduct and are usually enforced by the threat of social sanctions ("When in Rome, you should do as the Romans do or else"). I think this idea can be realized in one or more agent-based models in two ways. First, there would be more than one turtle type:

Some turtles are just "followers" who imitate the predominant behavior of their neighbors (following the descriptive norm) or who do what they are told to do by top-down messages from authorities (following the injunctive norm; more on these "injunctive shocks" below). They might have weak preferences that make them somewhat reluctant to adapt their behavior to their surroundings and maybe push them to invest in moving to a more favorable patch environment.

Others are "zealots" or "rebels" who aren't easily swayed by the pressure of their neighbors and perhaps actively influence the behaviors of others either for or against the norm (spreading or undermining the injunctive norm on a local level). They might move around to spread the word about their beliefs to others or even enforce the norm at a cost to themselves and stubborn followers.

A second way to approach injunctive norms would be through applying periodic top-down "injunctive shocks" to the agent world, which would correspond to things like laws or messages from authority figures urging norm compliance. These shocks might convince a subset of followers to change their behaviors or even transform them into zealots. Others might change into zealots or rebels if they maintain their normative behavior in a favorable environment for a certain number of ticks.

Obviously, it may be unrealistic to be able to implement all of these behaviors properly by the end of the month but I hope to develop one or two simple models that would yield interesting insights into the characteristics of agents, norms, and their relationships that allow for the rapid spread of a social norm through a population.

Group member:

Izzat Jarudi. Comments and suggestions are welcome. Email: izzat.jarudi (at) yale (dot) edu

Group Pages

2006-06-16T23:16:52Z

Ijarudi:

CSSS 2006 Santa Fe-Participants

2006-06-12T03:01:38Z

Ijarudi:

{{CSSS 2006--Santa Fe}}
[[Katharine Anderson]] 
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI

[[Sandra Arndt]] 
Universiteit Utrecht, The Netherlands

[[Stefan Braunewell]] 
University of Bremen, Germany

[[William Burnside]] 
University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM

[[Mike Butters]] 
Nativis, San Diego, CA

[[Juan Calderon]] 
Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia

[[Fabrice Cavarretta]] - Calliope 13 ext. 4158 
INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France 
Email: Fabrice.Cavarretta(@)insead.edu Mob:+33 6 09 59 46 74 
MSNM: fabrice@cavarretta.com AIM/YM: fcaspam Skype: fcavarretta 
Web: [http://ot.cavarretta.com ot.cavarretta.com] 

[[Brian Chapados]] 
The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA

[[Basit Chaudhry]] 
UCLA/RAND, Los Angeles, CA
email: basitchaudhry(at)yahoo.com 
mobile: 310 359 3729 
Calliope rm 15 

[[Arturo Chavoya]]- Polyhymnia 25 Ext.4230 
Universite de Toulouse I, France 
Email & MSNM: achavoya AT hotmail DOT com

[[Adrian de Froment]] Calliope 15a, ext 4161 
Princeton University, NJ 
Email: adriande at princeton dot edu; Phone: 609 933 3177 
MSN: adriandefroment at hotmail dot com; AIM: adriandefrom 

[[Matina Donaldson]] 
University of Washington, Seattle, WA 
Email: donaldso at eva dot mpg dot de 
Mobile: (206) 403-6182 
Location: Suite 2, Room 10

[[Haifeng Du]] 
Morrison Institute for Population and Resource Studies, Stanford, CA

[[Johan Elkink]] 
Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland 
All details can be found here: [http://jaeweb.cantr.net]

[[Dietrich Falkenthal]] 
MITRE

[[Sebastian Fallert]] 
University of Cambridge, UK

[[Anna Fedor]] 
Eötvös Lorán University of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary

[[Alessandro Gagliardi]] - Calliope 22 
Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 
Tel: 917.805.9797 
Email: alessandro [at] gagliardi [dot] name 
AIM: soleklypse

[[Sam Garg]] 
Stanford University, Stanford, CA

[[Harry Halpin]] 
University of Edinburgh, Scotland

[[Douglas Hoskins]] 
Boeing, Seattle, WA

[[Izzat Jarudi]] 
Yale University, New Haven, CT 
izzat.jarudi at yale dot edu

[[Elham Kashefi]] 
Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

[[Nikhil Kaza]] 
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 
nkaza (AT) UIUC (doT) edu 217 419 4232(c)
Calliope 26 - extn. 4172

[[Heinz Koeppl]] 
University of California, Berkeley, CA

[[Cornelia Kreutzer]] 
University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

[[Lukas Kroc]] 
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY

[[Jonathan Lafky]] 
University of Pittsburgh, PA 
email address backwards: moc.liamg@ykfalj 
Cell: four one two 849 719five 
Suite 1, room 5.

[[Elizabeth Leicht]] 
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI

[[Tamas Makany]] 
University of Southampton, Hampshire, UK

[[Michael Makowsky]] 
George Mason University, Falls Church, VA
Urania, room 16a
email: mmakowsk(at)gmu.edu

[[Christopher Marton]] - Polyhymnia 11 A&B ext.4216 
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 
email: cmarton at mit dot edu

[[Greg McInerny]] 
University of Leeds/The Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Banchory, Leeds, UK

[[Patrick Meier]] 
The Fletcher School, Boston MA 
Email: Patrick.Meier(@)Tufts.edu; Cell:+1 646-361-2645 
Skype ID: patrickmeierskype 
Web: [http://fletcher.tufts.edu/phd/students/Meier.html PhD Profile and Research ] 

[[Charlie Messina]] 
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Johnston, IA

[[Javier Muñoz García]] 
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Madrid, Spain 
Location on campus: Polyhymnia 14; Phone (505) 995-4219 
Email: jamunoz*AT*math.uc3m.es; messenger:javiermunozgarcia*AT*hotmail.com

[[Andreea Munteanu]] 
Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain 
Location on campus: Suite 2, room 3, phone (505) 995-4303 
Email: andreea.munteanu(AT)upf.edu

[[Christoph Neugebauer]] 
University of Cambridge, UK 
Location on campus: Polyhymnia 15, ext. 4220 
email: cjn24 AT cam.ac.uk

[[Paul Newton]] 
Boeing, Seattle, WA

[[Linsey O'Brien]] 
MITRE, Bedford, MA

[[Michael Raghib Moreno]] 
Princeton University, NJ

[[Valentin Robu]] 
CWI, Dutch Research Center for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Email: robu at cwi dot nl 
Location on campus: Polyhymnia 16A

[[David Rojas]] 
NASA, Hampton, VA

[[Akiko Satake]] 
Princeton University, NJ

[[David Schaefer]] 
University of Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ

[[Susanne Schindler]] 
Max Planck Institute, Leipzig, Germany

[[Jie Shao]] 
University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK

[[Hana Shepherd]] 
Princeton University, NJ 
On campus: Suite 5, room 2, ext. 4330 
hshepher [at] princeton [dot] edu 
303 859-7238 

[[Tetsuya Shoji]] 
Toyota Motor Corporation, Japan

[[Andrew Stout]] 
U. Massachusetts - Amherst, Sunderland, MA

[[Andrea Tanzer]] 
University of Vienna, Austria 
email: at@tbi.univie.ac.at 
location on campus: suite 5, room 3, phone (505) 995-4331 
skype: atanzer

[[Jorge Tavares]] 
University of Coimbra, Portugal

[[Marko Thaler]] 
University of Ljubljana, Slovenia

[[Brian Tivnan]] 
MITRE, McLean, VA

[[Spandan Tiwari]] 
University of Missouri-Rolla Rolla, MI

[[Maria Vivien Visaya]] 
Kyoto University, Japan

[[Jack Waddell]] 
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI

[[Saskia Werners]] 
Wageningen University and Research Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
room 5 in D5 (building 41). ext 4333
E: saskia -at- mungo.nl

[[Ryan Woodard]] 
British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK

Izzat Jarudi

2006-04-23T03:41:08Z

Ijarudi:

[[Image:Izzat.jpg]]

I'm pursuing a PhD in cognitive and social psychology. My advisor is [http://pantheon.yale.edu/~pb85/ Paul Bloom] and my primary research interest is in understanding moral cognition and behavior.

''1. What topics do you have some expertise in and would you be willing to help others learn them?''
As a first-year student who's only read about complex systems for fun, I'm afraid I don't have that much expertise to brag of; however, I would be happy to discuss psychology with anyone who's interested.

''2. What do you want to learn?''
At the end of the summer school, I hope to have learned enough about complex systems theory and practice, particularly network theory and agent-based modeling, to be able to get started with my own independent research projects on moral behavior.

''3. Do you have any projects that would benefit from an interdisciplinary approach?''
Not at the moment but one thing that drew me to study morality was its interdisciplinary connections with other fields I am interested in like economics, sociology, and philosophy.

''4. Do you have any ideas for what sort of project you would like to attack this summer?''
One specific question I'm interested in is how moral norms emerge and spread in a population. Given some recent work I have seen in computational social science, I think it is a problem that could be approached using an agent-based model of a complex social system.

''5. What's your favorite "big problem"?''
The ultimate goal of my research is to develop a general theory of human morality. Ideally, it would be one that would also integrate the extensive work on morality that has already been done across the fields of psychology, sociology, economics, evolutionary biology, and anthropology.

''6. If you were given the opportunity to see where we were in one''
''hundred years with respect to progress on one problem/subject, what''
''would it be?''
Well, I would be interested in seeing how we're doing on my "favorite big problem" and whether our progress in understanding human morality has led to any progress in human morality itself.

File:Izzat.jpg

2006-04-23T03:09:23Z

Ijarudi:

File:Izzat.JPG

2006-04-23T02:57:49Z

Ijarudi: